SHANGHAI — As the recall of tainted pet food mushroomed into an international scandal, two of the largest U.S. food manufacturers put out a blanket order to their American suppliers: No more ingredients from China.
If you want to learn more, please visit our website.
The directive from Mission Foods Corp. and Tyson Foods Inc., made quietly this month, underscored consumers’ and manufacturers’ fears about the safety of imported food ingredients after contaminated wheat products from China killed and sickened cats and dogs in the United States. The problem is, what Mission and Tyson want is next to impossible.In the last decade, China has become the world’s leading supplier of many food flavorings, vitamins and preservatives. Like fingernail clippers, playing cards, Christmas ornaments and other items, some food additives are available in vast quantities only from China.
China exported $2.5 billion of food ingredients to the United States and the rest of the world in , an increase of 150% from just two years earlier, according to Chinese industry estimates. It is now the predominant maker of vanilla flavoring, citric acid and varieties of vitamin B such as thiamine, riboflavin and folic acid — nutrients commonly added to processed flour goods such as Mission tortillas and Tyson breaded chicken.
“It would be somewhat difficult to move away from all the vitamins in China,” said Monte White, president of Research Products Co., a large supplier of nutrients for flour mixes. He said his Salina, Kan.-based company was stepping up its testing of imported goods despite having had “very consistent results” from China in the last five years.
*
Little oversight in China
China’s overall food safety record is poor. Use of chemical fertilizers and toxic pesticides is heavy. Fraud and corruption often thwart what lax controls exist. In recent years, U.S. officials have issued alerts about Chinese honey tainted with a harmful antibiotic; Chinese candy containing sulfites that can cause fatal allergic reactions; and infant formula missing vital nutrients, which in China left a dozen babies dead in .A small group of large manufacturers dominate the production of food ingredients in China, but hundreds if not thousands of small, virtually anonymous businesses — such as the two linked to the pet-food scandal — operate in an industry lacking tough standards and enforcement.
“Some of them are driven by profits; you can see dollar signs in their eyes,” said Jan Willem Roben, head of Vision Ingredients, a Shanghai-based trader of food additives.
In the U.S., major food manufacturers often don’t know where all their ingredients originate. Mission, a Texas-based unit of Mexican food giant Gruma, would not comment about that or its directive, but said it was working with its suppliers to ensure the products were safe. Arkansas-based Tyson, one of the nation’s largest providers of beef and chicken, did not respond to interview requests.
Many packaged foods contain dozens of items from around the world, acquired through complex networks of traders and brokers, before they get processed at manufacturing plants where companies have more direct oversight.
“Until now, companies just didn’t care about commodity additives,” said Laszlo Somogyi, a retired senior consultant at SRI International, a nonprofit research institute in Menlo Park, Calif. “But that might be changing now. This was a warning,” he said, referring to the pet-food debacle.
Somogyi believes tainted food additives pose a relatively low risk to humans because such ingredients are used in tiny amounts in any given product. Still, it wasn’t until the pet-food poisoning that people learned that melamine, an industrial chemical banned in foods in the U.S., had been widely added to animal feed in China to artificially boost its protein level.
“The same thing could have happened in the human food chain,” Somogyi said.
Chinese-made ingredients are probably found in every aisle of American supermarkets. Consider that American favorite, the Hostess Twinkie. Of its 39 ingredients, at least half a dozen — such as vitamin B compounds, the preservative sorbic acid and red and yellow colorings — are most likely made in China, says Steve Ettlinger, author of the book, “Twinkie, Deconstructed.”
In an interview from New York, Ettlinger said he couldn’t be sure where Interstate Bakeries Corp., the maker of Twinkies, obtained those ingredients. The Kansas City, Mo., company wouldn’t help him with his research, he said, and food makers rarely list the origin of individual ingredients on packages. Nor do they necessarily want to know where it all comes from.
“The more you know, the pickier you get and the more it costs,” Ettlinger said.
David Leavitt, Interstate Bakeries’ vice president of snack marketing, said he wasn’t aware of any Twinkie ingredients made in China. But in a brief statement, he indicated that Interstate was polling some of its smaller vendors to determine whether they obtained any products from China.
“This process involves gathering and verifying information from hundreds of companies,” Leavitt said.
That process could eventually lead to a company such as Ningbo Wanglong Group, the world’s largest maker of sorbic acid — a preservative made from natural gas that helps keep mold off baked goods and other products. The 14-year-old private company, located about 120 miles south of Shanghai, produces 1,000 tons of the white crystals every month. About one-third of that is exported to the U.S., said Li Ming, the company’s office director.
Less than a decade ago, such food additives were made mainly in Europe and the United States. But China’s looser environmental regulations, cheaper energy costs and lower wages helped shift the industry to Asia. Ningbo Wanglong’s average salary is less than $200 a month. Giant food chemical makers such as BASF of Germany and Dutch-based DSM have teamed up with Chinese partners and cut back at plants in the West.
Ningbo Wanglong says it sells sorbic acid for about $1.30 a pound, including shipping charges to the U.S. The cost of the same product made in the United States: about $4.
For food companies, switching to non-Chinese vendors would almost certainly increase their costs, though the move could give them a marketing advantage over rivals.
Li welcomed visitors to tour his company’s 80-acre campus, where he said 400 employees, many of them wearing white gloves and gray uniforms, work in 20 high-tech facilities.
“We have an analysis room, a quality lab and other quality control departments,” he said, adding that 70 workers have advanced degrees.
But for every additive maker such as Ningbo Wanglong, scores of small operations compete in China, offering their cut-rate goods in food industry journals, at trade fairs and on the Internet. On the Chinese e-commerce site Alibaba.com, at least 43 businesses claimed to produce sorbic acid, a complicated compound that requires considerable investment and government certifications.
For many other ingredients, though, people don’t need much more than basic knowledge of chemistry and some simple equipment: a kettle, a scale and a dryer.
“The problem is that many small companies don’t register their products as food additives, thus avoiding supervision,” said He Jiguo, director of the food nutrition and safety department at China Agricultural University in Beijing. Instead, he said, these companies classify their goods as nonfood items. Many food additives also have industrial applications; citric acid, for example, is used to clean boilers and etch concrete floors.
He says Chinese government officials should boost enforcement and penalties. Currently, violators of food-safety rules are subject to fines of no more than a few thousand dollars and a temporary stop order.
But He doesn’t expect any swift changes. Of the 1,750 government-approved food additives, quality standards have been established for only about 250, according to a report last year by Major China, a food-industry consulting firm in Shanghai.
“There is no clear food-classification system, no distinct definition for the range that the food includes, no related regulation about residues that additives leave on foods,” the report said. “All these bring loopholes for additives manufacturing and usage, give illegal traders opportunities and affects customers’ trust toward food additive safety.”
*
U.S. inspection spotty
Adding to U.S. consumers’ concerns, inspection on the American end is spotty. The Food and Drug Administration has said it checks just 1% of all imported grocery items and food ingredients, excluding meat and poultry products. The agency didn’t respond to interview requests for this article.U.S. food ingredient suppliers can only hope that the pet-food scare blows over. Some managers say they are getting 50 calls a day from customers and consumers. They are struggling to reassure them that the goods from China are safe, promising more tests and tighter monitoring of vendors. But they also say that American food manufacturers will have little choice but to back away from demands to go without any Chinese additives.
“They’re going to have to compromise,” said a sales manager at a major food additive supplier who did not want to be identified by name. “At this point, it’s simply impossible.”
*
Cao Jun in the Times’ Shanghai bureau contributed to this report.
*(INFOBOX BELOW)
From China to you
China has become the world’s leading supplier of food ingredients, including flavorings, vitamins and preservatives. A look at some of the most common food additives imported into the United States from China:
Citric acid
Gives foods a tart taste and enhances fruit flavors
Used in: Soda, fruit-flavored beverages, candy, flavored syrups
*
Sorbic acid
A preservative that inhibits the growth of mold and yeasts
Used in: Cheese and other dairy products, baked goods, wine
*
Vanillin
An ingredient, often made from wood pulp, in artificial vanilla
Used in: Chocolates, candies, cookies
*
Xylitol
A natural sweetener found in birch trees, strawberries, raspberries and plums
Used in: Sugar-free gum, candy
*
Folic acid
A B vitamin that helps prevent fetal spinal deformities
Used in: Pasta, bread, cereal, flour, corn meal, rice
--
Sources: WISER, Census Bureau. Graphics reporting by Scott Wilson.
Feed additives are special stuff you put in animal food to make animals grow better and stay healthy. They're super important cuz they help animals make more meat, eggs, and milk. China makes tons of different feed additives that farmers use all over the world.
With competitive price and timely delivery, TUBANG sincerely hope to be your supplier and partner.
When you buy feed additives from China, you gotta be careful about who you buy from. Some companies make really good stuff, but others... not so much. The feed additives market in China is growing super fast - it's gonna be worth almost $7 billion by ! That's alot of money!
Feed additives come in different types. You got amino acids like L-Lysine HCl that help animals build muscle. You got vitamins and minerals that keep animals healthy. And you got special things like enzymes and probiotics that help animals digest their food better.
I've been workin with Chinese feed additive suppliers for over 15 years, and lemme tell you - picking the right company makes all the difference. A good supplier means your animals grow better, stay healthier, and make you more money. A bad supplier can cause big problems with sick animals and lost profits.
China makes pretty much all types of feed additives you might need. Here's what you can find:
Quality is prolly the most important thing to look for when choosing a feed additives supplier in China. Bad quality additives can make animals sick or not grow well, which costs you money and time. So how do you know if a supplier makes good stuff?
First, check if they got certifications. Good suppliers should have ISO for quality management and maybe ISO for food safety. These papers show they follow strict rules when making their products. In my years working with Chinese suppliers, I always ask for these certificates first thing.
Second, look at how they test their products. Do they have their own testing lab? Do they get their products tested by other companies too? Good testing means the supplier cares about making sure their stuff is good quality. You can also ask for a Certificate of Analysis (COA) to see exactly what's in their products.
Third, check for product purity and consistency. For example, L-Threonine should be 98.5% pure or higher for feed grade. If the purity changes from one order to the next, that's a bad sign. The best suppliers give you the same high-quality product every time you order.
When I visit supplier factories in China (which I highly recommend), I always check these things:
One time, I visited a supplier who claimed to make high-quality DL-Methionine. But when I saw their facility, they didn't even have basic testing equipment! Needless to say, I didn't do business with them. Always check if suppliers can actually back up their quality claims.
Finding a supplier who delivers on time every time is super important. I remember working with a company that had great prices but kept missin delivery dates. It caused big headaches for our production schedule! Reliable suppliers are worth payin a bit more for.
To check if a supplier is reliable, look at their production capacity and how stable their supply chain is. Can they make enough product to meet your needs? Do they have backup plans if something goes wrong with getting raw materials? The best suppliers can handle unexpected problems without affecting your orders.
Another good sign is if they've been in business for a long time. Companies like Pangoo Biotech that have been around for 20+ years have proven they can deliver consistently over time. New companies might be good too, but they haven't proven themselves yet.
Here's how to check if a supplier can actually deliver what they promise:
A supplier who can clearly explain their production process and show you their facilities is usually more reliable than one who's vague about how they make their products.
Price matters, but it shouldn't be the only thing you look at. Super cheap feed additives might cost you more in the long run if they don't work well or make animals sick. I always tell people to think about value, not just price.
When comparing prices between suppliers, make sure you're comparing the same things. For example, DL-Methionine 50% is cheaper than DL-Methionine 99% because it's less concentrated. So you'd need to use more of the 50% product to get the same effect.
Also watch out for hidden costs. Some suppliers offer low prices but then charge extra for things like:
In my experience, it's better to pay a bit more for a supplier who's transparent about all costs upfront. I once worked with a supplier who kept adding "small fees" until the final price was way higher than initially quoted.
Here are some ways to save money without compromising on quality:
Remember, the cheapest feed additives are rarely the best choice for your animals' health and your bottom line. Quality feed supplements might cost more initially but pay off with better animal growth and health.
Certificates ain't just fancy papers - they show a supplier follows strict rules when making feed additives. This is super important when buying from China, where quality can vary a lot between different companies.
The most important certificates to look for are:
Chinese feed additives are regulated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA) and the General Administration of Customs (GACC). Good suppliers should have all the proper registrations with these government agencies.
I once consulted for a company that bought feed yeast from a supplier without proper certifications. The product ended up having contaminants that made animals sick. The company lost a lot of money and damaged their reputation. Don't make the same mistake!
Besides certificates, ask suppliers for these important documents:
These documents help ensure you're getting exactly what you're paying for. They're also important for compliance with regulations in your own country when importing feed additives.
The feed additive industry is always changing. New research shows better ways to feed animals. Good suppliers keep up with these changes by investing in research and creating new products.
When looking at innovation, check if the supplier:
Innovative suppliers often offer better products that can give your animals an edge. For example, some companies now make Saccharomyces cerevisiae (a type of yeast) that's specially formulated to improve gut health in different animal species.
There's also growing demand for natural feed additives as alternatives to antibiotics. Forward-thinking suppliers are developing these products to meet changing market needs and regulations.
The best suppliers now offer more sustainable options that are better for the environment. These include:
I've seen firsthand how farms using these innovative products have improved animal health while reducing their environmental impact. It's a win-win that smart suppliers are focusing on.
OK, so now you know what to look for. But how do you actually find and evaluate suppliers in China? Here's my step-by-step guide based on years of experience.
Start by making a list of potential suppliers. You can find them through:
Once you have a list, visit their websites to learn more about what products they offer, how long they've been in business, and what certifications they have.
Reach out to the suppliers that look promising. Pay attention to:
Good communication now likely means good communication later when problems need solving. If a supplier takes days to answer simple questions, that's a red flag!
Always ask for samples of products like Dicalcium Phosphate or other additives you're interested in. Also request:
Have the samples tested by an independent lab if possible. This initial testing can save you from big problems later.
Ask specific questions about:
The answers will tell you a lot about how professional and experienced the supplier is.
Nothing beats seeing the production facility with your own eyes. During a visit, you can:
I know visiting China isn't always possible, but if you're planning to place large orders, it's worth the trip. I've avoided several bad suppliers by visiting their facilities and seeing problems firsthand.
Finding a good supplier is just the beginning. Building a strong relationship takes work but pays off with better service and sometimes better prices over time.
Regular communication helps prevent misunderstandings and builds trust. I recommend:
When working with suppliers of products like Allicin/Garlicin or other specialized additives, make sure you understand their technical specifications completely. Ask questions until everything is clear.
Even with the best suppliers, problems sometimes happen. What matters is how they handle these issues. Good suppliers:
I once worked with a supplier who shipped the wrong concentration of Choline Chloride. What impressed me was how quickly they admitted the mistake and shipped the correct product by air freight at their expense. That's the kind of supplier you want to work with long-term.
The best supplier relationships are partnerships where both sides benefit. To build this kind of relationship:
With time, good suppliers can become valuable partners who alert you to new products, market changes, and opportunities to improve your business.
China is a leading producer of many feed additives, but they're especially competitive for amino acids like L-Lysine HCl and L-Threonine, vitamins, and minerals. They also make good quality feed proteins such as Corn Gluten Meal and DDGS.
Check for business licenses, verify certifications with issuing bodies, request bank information, ask for references from other customers, and if possible, visit their facilities. You can also check if they're registered with relevant Chinese authorities like MARA and GACC.
This varies widely depending on the product and supplier. For amino acids like lysine, it might be 1-5 metric tons. For more specialized products, it could be as low as 100-500 kg. Larger orders generally get better prices, so sometimes it makes sense to combine orders with other businesses.
Always request a Certificate of Analysis (COA) and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Have samples tested by independent laboratories. Work only with suppliers who have relevant certifications and a good track record. Ask about their testing protocols and what contaminants they test for.
For first-time orders, suppliers often request 30% deposit with 70% paid before shipment. As the relationship develops, terms might improve to 30/70 payment against documents or even open account terms like net 30 days for established customers with good payment history.
Sea freight usually takes 20-40 days depending on your location. Air freight is faster (5-10 days) but much more expensive. Many suppliers can arrange shipping through their freight forwarders, but you can also use your own if you prefer.
Yes, many established suppliers offer custom products. For example, you might request specific concentrations of Choline Chloride or custom premixes combining multiple ingredients. Custom products usually have higher MOQs and may require longer lead times.
Work with suppliers who have English-speaking staff dedicated to international customers. Use clear, simple language in written communications. For complex discussions, consider hiring a translator or using professional translation services. Translation apps can help with basic communication but aren't reliable for technical or contract discussions.
Do your market research to know current prices. Get quotes from multiple suppliers. Be clear about your requirements and volumes. Consider long-term contracts for better rates. Remember that extremely low prices often mean compromised quality, so focus on value rather than just the lowest price.
Chinese regulations have become stricter in recent years but still may differ from EU or US standards in some areas. Make sure the supplier understands the regulations in your country and can provide products that comply with your local requirements. Ask specifically about restricted substances and testing for contaminants based on your country's rules.
For more China Additives Supplierinformation, please contact us. We will provide professional answers.